Thesis /

ROMDOC-THESIS-2010-019

Cercetări asupra radiaţiei emise de arcul electric de comutaţie în vid ultraînalt

Anghelita, Paula (UPB)
2007-01-01

Abstract: The low-voltage vacuum circuit breakers are important parts of any T&D networks, insuring the logistic of the electric power distribution and providing protection in the case of short-circuits. They are highly appreciated due to their simplicity, reliability and excellent breaking capability. The main disadvantage of these devices is the high price and time consuming process of the contact system and of the vacuum quenching chamber, which is mainly responsible for the switching ability. The main problem of the vacuum circuit breaker is the insufficient value of the short-circuit current that could be interrupted. Because that, the manufacturers of vacuum interrupters are highly interested in improvement of the breaking capability of the vacuum circuit breakers. The aim of the presented PhD thesis has been to obtain a deeper insight on the behaviour and properties of the low voltage vacuum arc, by means of electrical, optical and spectroscopic investigation. The optical and spectroscopic approach of the vacuum arc emitted radiation, in the domain of UV and visible range of spectrum, and the corroboration with the electrical measurements were useful tools for study the vacuum arc dynamics, taking into account that the short-circuit switching process is rapidly transient and the circuit breakers are single-shot devices. In order to achieve this goal, a high power installation, able to reproduce the short-circuit regime, was used. The test circuit was dimensioned in order to simulate the main vacuum arc important regimes: diffuse, columnar and concentrated. Because the presence of the magnetic field, in the switching gap space, has a positive influence on the breaking capability, two cases of magnetic fields were considered: the axial magnetic field (AMF) and the radial magnetic field (RMF). The zero current zone (c.z.) and the post-arc current, that are important elements in defining the quality of the short-circuit interruption process, were investigated with a high time resolution. In the case of CuCr contacts, the results shown the important role of the Cu atoms and ions in obtaining a successful short-circuit current interruption. The original results of the vacuum arc research, developed during the PhD thesis elaboration, are presented in International Scientific Conferences and ISI publications.

Keyword(s): Întrerupătoare electrice -- Teză de doctorat
Note: Dan Pavelescu

OPAC: See record in BC-UPB Web OPAC
Full Text: see files

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